Brass C28000
Introduction to Brass C28000
Brass C28000, also known as Manganese Bronze, is a high-performance copper-zinc alloy that contains manganese and small amounts of iron, providing excellent strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. C28000 offers superior mechanical properties, unlike many other brass alloys, particularly in high-stress environments. Compared to other brass alloys, Brass C28000 stands out for its exceptional toughness and resistance to seawater corrosion, making it ideal for harsh industrial and marine applications. For precision machining, Brass C28000 is an excellent choice due to its outstanding machinability and durability.
Brass C28000 is commonly used in CNC machined parts such as marine hardware, gears, bushings, and valves. Its high strength and resistance to wear make it a preferred material for industries such as marine, automotive, and aerospace, where high-performance parts are required.
Chemical, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of Brass C28000
Chemical Composition (Typical)
Element | Composition Range (wt.%) | Key Role |
|---|---|---|
Copper (Cu) | 58.0–63.0% | Provides strength, conductivity, and corrosion resistance |
Zinc (Zn) | 36.0–39.0% | Enhances strength and material hardness |
Manganese (Mn) | 2.5–5.0% | Improves strength and corrosion resistance, especially in marine environments |
Iron (Fe) | ≤1.0% | Provides additional strength and improves wear resistance |
Lead (Pb) | ≤0.5% | Enhances machinability and reduces friction during machining |
Physical Properties
Property | Value (Typical) | Test Standard/Condition |
|---|---|---|
Density | 8.9 g/cm³ | ASTM B311 |
Melting Point | 900–950°C | ASTM E29 |
Thermal Conductivity | 110 W/m·K at 20°C | ASTM E1952 |
Electrical Conductivity | 15% IACS at 20°C | ASTM B193 |
Coefficient of Expansion | 19 µm/m·°C | ASTM E228 |
Specific Heat Capacity | 380 J/kg·K | ASTM E1269 |
Elastic Modulus | 110 GPa | ASTM E111 |
Mechanical Properties (Annealed Temper)
Property | Value (Typical) | Test Standard |
|---|---|---|
Tensile Strength | 550–650 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M |
Yield Strength (0.2%) | 370–450 MPa | ASTM E8/E8M |
Elongation | 20–30% | ASTM E8/E8M |
Hardness | 80–110 HB | ASTM E10 |
Fatigue Strength | ~220 MPa | ASTM E466 |
Impact Resistance | Excellent | ASTM E23 |
Key Characteristics of Brass C28000
High Strength and Durability
Brass C28000 provides superior strength, making it suitable for high-stress environments like marine hardware and mechanical parts that undergo frequent wear and tear.
Excellent Corrosion Resistance
Adding manganese enhances the alloy’s resistance to seawater corrosion, making Brass C28000 an ideal material for parts used in marine environments.
Good Wear Resistance
Brass C28000 exhibits excellent wear resistance, which is particularly useful for components like bushings, gears, and bearings that are subject to constant movement and friction.
Good Machinability
Brass C28000 is easy to machine, allowing for high-speed CNC operations with minimal tool wear. Its excellent machinability is complemented by its toughness, making it ideal for precision parts.
Aesthetic Appeal
Brass C28000 has a distinct yellow-gold color, making it a visually appealing material for decorative and industrial components.
CNC Machining Challenges and Solutions for Brass C28000
Machining Challenges
Chip Formation Brass C28000 produces short, brittle chips, which can be managed but may still cause inefficiencies if not properly handled.
Solution: Use chip breakers and employ sufficient coolant or air to clear chips and maintain machining efficiency efficiently.
Tool Wear Although Brass C28000 is machinable, the hardness of the alloy can cause tool wear during high-speed cutting operations.
Solution: Use high-performance carbide or ceramic tools to minimize wear and improve tool life during machining.
Surface Finish Quality Achieving a fine surface finish can be challenging due to the alloy’s propensity for forming burrs during machining.
Solution: Employ high-speed cutting with sharp tools and apply adequate lubrication to achieve smooth finishes.
Work Hardening Brass C28000 can experience work hardening if excessive pressure or cutting speeds are used during machining.
Solution: Use moderate cutting speeds and keep tools sharp while ensuring proper coolant application to avoid work hardening.
Optimized Machining Strategies
Parameter | Recommendation | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
Tool Material | Carbide or ceramic tools | These materials provide superior wear resistance and extended tool life. |
Geometry | Positive rake, sharp edges | Improves chip flow and results in smoother surface finishes. |
Cutting Speed | 150–250 m/min | Reduces heat generation and prevents material deformation. |
Feed Rate | 0.10–0.20 mm/rev | Ensures smooth cutting and minimizes burr formation. |
Coolant | Flood coolant or air blast | Reduces heat and enhances surface finish. |
Brass C28000 Cutting Parameters (ISO 513 Compliance)
Operation | Speed (m/min) | Feed (mm/rev) | Depth of Cut (mm) | Coolant Pressure (bar) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Roughing | 150–200 | 0.15–0.20 | 2.0–3.5 | 25–35 |
Finishing | 200–250 | 0.05–0.10 | 0.5–1.0 | 30–50 |
Typical Machining Methods for Brass C28000
Machining Process | Function and Benefit for Brass C28000 |
|---|---|
Ideal for high-speed, precision marine hardware, bushings, and valves machining. | |
Suitable for creating slots, grooves, and complex shapes in components such as fittings and valves. | |
Used for turning cylindrical parts such as bushings, gears, and mechanical components in marine and industrial applications. | |
Ideal for creating precise holes for fasteners and mechanical parts in marine and industrial environments. | |
Ensures precision internal machining for parts such as bearings and bushings. | |
Provides smooth finishes for parts exposed to wear and tear, such as gears and shafts. | |
Ideal for producing complex, multi-featured parts for marine, oil, and gas industries. | |
Provides ultra-tight tolerances for high-performance components used in industries like aerospace and medical devices. | |
Used for creating intricate features and fine details in parts such as connectors and switches for industrial uses. |
Surface Treatment for Brass C28000 CNC Parts
Electroplating: Enhances corrosion resistance and provides a shiny finish for components such as marine connectors and fittings.
Polishing: Achieves a high-gloss finish for decorative parts and improves functionality.
Brushing: Creates satin or matte finishes for components exposed to frequent handling in marine and industrial environments.
PVD Coating: Adds a durable coating that increases wear resistance and extends the life of marine components.
Passivation: Improves corrosion resistance, especially for components exposed to aggressive chemicals.
Powder Coating: Provides a thick, protective finish ideal for parts exposed to UV light and harsh conditions.
Teflon Coating: Adds non-stick and chemical-resistant properties, ideal for mechanical applications.
Chrome Plating: Provides a glossy, durable coating that resists corrosion and enhances the appearance of components.
Industry Applications of Brass C28000
Aerospace Industry: Used for manufacturing high-strength components such as connectors and fittings subjected to high stresses.
Electrical & Power: Ideal for electrical components requiring high conductivity and durability.
Automotive Industry: Commonly used in automotive applications such as connectors, bushings, and fittings.
Marine Industry: Highly suitable for marine hardware and components exposed to seawater and other corrosive elements.
FAQs
How does Brass C28000 compare to other alloys regarding strength and wear resistance?
What are the best surface treatments for Brass C28000 to improve its performance?
Can Brass C28000 be used in high-temperature applications?
How does Brass C28000 perform in marine environments compared to other alloys?
What industries most commonly use Brass C28000 for CNC machining?
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