Stainless Steel SUS310
Introduction to Stainless Steel SUS310: High-Temperature Resistant Austenitic Alloy
Stainless Steel SUS310 is a high-temperature resistant austenitic stainless steel alloy with exceptional oxidation and corrosion resistance in extreme heat environments. With a composition comprising 25–28% chromium and 19–22% nickel, SUS310 is ideal for applications requiring resistance to scaling and the ability to retain strength and formability at temperatures up to 1,100°C (2,012°F). The alloy’s high chromium and nickel content enhances its ability to withstand elevated temperatures, making it a go-to choice for applications in the chemical, petrochemical, and power generation industries.
SUS310 is particularly suited for high-temperature applications such as furnace parts, heat exchangers, and other equipment exposed to continuous heating and thermal cycling. CNC machining of SUS310 requires specialized tooling due to its high strength and hardness, but it can be machined effectively with carbide-based tools and proper cooling. At Neway, CNC-machined SUS310 parts are produced precisely to meet the demanding requirements of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant applications.
SUS310 Stainless Steel: Key Properties and Composition
SUS310 Stainless Steel Chemical Composition
Element | Composition (wt%) | Role/Impact |
|---|---|---|
Carbon (C) | ≤0.25% | Low carbon content minimizes carbide precipitation, improving weldability. |
Manganese (Mn) | 2.00% | Improves toughness and strength, especially at high temperatures. |
Chromium (Cr) | 25.0–28.0% | Provides excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures. |
Nickel (Ni) | 19.0–22.0% | Enhances resistance to oxidation and improves formability and strength. |
Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.045% | Reduces sulfur contamination and improves machinability. |
SUS310 Stainless Steel Physical Properties
Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Density | 8.00 g/cm³ | Similar to other austenitic stainless steels, ensuring durability. |
Melting Point | 1,400–1,450°C | Suitable for high-temperature applications with excellent resistance to oxidation. |
Thermal Conductivity | 16.2 W/m·K | Moderate heat dissipation, suitable for applications with fluctuating temperatures. |
Electrical Resistivity | 7.4×10⁻⁷ Ω·m | Low electrical conductivity, ideal for non-electrical applications. |
SUS310 Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties
Property | Value | Testing Standard/Condition |
|---|---|---|
Tensile Strength | 520–720 MPa | ASTM A240/A240M standard |
Yield Strength | 205 MPa | Suitable for high-temperature and structural applications |
Elongation (50mm gauge) | 35% | Good ductility, allowing for easier forming and welding. |
Brinell Hardness | 150–190 HB | Achieved in a solution-treated state, offering moderate hardness. |
Machinability Rating | 55% (vs. 1212 steel at 100%) | Suitable for machining with carbide tools and low cutting speeds. |
Key Characteristics of SUS310 Stainless Steel: Benefits and Comparisons
SUS310 stainless steel is highly regarded for its excellent high-temperature performance and oxidation resistance. Below is a technical comparison highlighting its unique advantages over similar materials like SUS304 Stainless Steel, SUS316 Stainless Steel, and SUS430 Stainless Steel.
1. High-Temperature Resistance
Unique Trait: SUS310 is specially designed to withstand high temperatures, maintaining its strength and resistance to oxidation at temperatures up to 1,100°C.
Comparison:
vs. SUS304 Stainless Steel: SUS310 outperforms SUS304 in high-temperature environments due to its higher chromium and nickel content.
vs. SUS316 Stainless Steel: SUS316 offers better corrosion resistance but is not as effective as SUS310 at high temperatures.
vs. SUS430 Stainless Steel: SUS430 offers limited high-temperature performance compared to SUS310, making it unsuitable for elevated-temperature applications.
2. Corrosion Resistance
Unique Trait: SUS310 provides excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion in high-temperature environments, though it is not as resistant to chloride-induced corrosion as SUS316.
Comparison:
vs. SUS304 Stainless Steel: SUS310 offers superior high-temperature oxidation resistance compared to SUS304, but SUS304 offers better resistance in aqueous environments.
vs. SUS316 Stainless Steel: SUS316 offers better chloride corrosion resistance, making it more suitable for marine environments, but SUS310 excels in heat resistance.
vs. SUS430 Stainless Steel: SUS310 is far superior in high-temperature oxidation resistance compared to SUS430.
3. Machinability
Unique Trait: SUS310 is relatively easier to machine than other high-performance alloys. However, due to its high chromium and nickel content, it requires carbide tools and slower speeds to achieve precision.
Comparison:
vs. SUS304 Stainless Steel: SUS304 is easier to machine, but it does not perform as well in high-temperature applications.
vs. SUS316 Stainless Steel: SUS316 is more difficult to machine due to its higher alloy content than SUS310.
vs. SUS430 Stainless Steel: SUS430 is easier to machine, but it is not suitable for high-temperature applications like SUS310.
4. Cost-Effectiveness
Unique Trait: SUS310 offers a good balance of high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, making it a cost-effective option for parts exposed to extreme conditions.
Comparison:
vs. SUS304 Stainless Steel: SUS304 is more affordable but unsuitable for high-temperature applications.
vs. SUS316 Stainless Steel: SUS316 is more expensive due to its enhanced corrosion resistance in chemical environments.
vs. SUS430 Stainless Steel: SUS430 is the most economical but does not provide the same high-temperature performance as SUS310.
CNC Machining Challenges and Solutions for SUS310 Stainless Steel
Machining Challenges and Solutions
Challenge | Root Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
Work Hardening | High chromium and nickel content | Use carbide tools with TiN coatings to improve tool life. |
Surface Roughness | Low carbon content and ductility | Optimize feed rates and use high-speed tools for smoother finishes. |
Tool Wear | Abrasive nature of stainless steel | Use high-performance tool coatings like TiAlN for reduced wear. |
Dimensional Inaccuracy | Stresses from machining | Perform stress-relief annealing to reduce dimensional variations and improve precision. |
Chip Control Issues | Long, stringy chips | Use high-pressure coolant and optimize tool geometry to break chips. |
Optimized Machining Strategies
Strategy | Implementation | Benefit |
|---|---|---|
High-Speed Machining | Spindle speed: 1,200–1,800 RPM | Increases productivity and reduces heat buildup. |
Climb Milling | Cutting in the direction of tool rotation | Improves surface finish (Ra 1.6–3.2 µm). |
Toolpath Optimization | Use trochoidal milling for deep pockets | Reduces cutting forces, minimizing part deflection. |
Stress-Relief Annealing | Preheat to 650°C for 1 hour per inch | Minimizes residual stress and improves machining accuracy. |
Cutting Parameters for SUS310 Stainless Steel
Operation | Tool Type | Spindle Speed (RPM) | Feed Rate (mm/rev) | Depth of Cut (mm) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rough Milling | 4-flute carbide end mill | 1,000–1,500 | 0.15–0.25 | 2.0–4.0 | Use coolant to prevent work hardening. |
Finish Milling | 2-flute carbide end mill | 1,500–2,000 | 0.05–0.10 | 0.5–1.0 | Climb milling for smoother finishes (Ra 1.6–3.2 µm). |
Drilling | 135° split-point HSS drill | 600–800 | 0.10–0.15 | Full hole depth | Peck drilling for precise hole formation. |
Turning | CBN or coated carbide insert | 500–700 | 0.20–0.30 | 1.5–3.0 | Dry machining is acceptable with air blast cooling. |
Surface Treatments for CNC Machined SUS310 Stainless Steel Parts
Electroplating: Adds a corrosion-resistant metallic layer, extending part life in humid environments and improving strength.
Polishing: Enhances the surface finish, providing a smooth, shiny appearance ideal for visible components.
Brushing: Creates a satin or matte finish, masking minor surface defects and improving aesthetic quality for architectural components.
PVD Coating: Boosts wear resistance, increasing tool life and part longevity in high-contact environments.
Passivation: Creates a protective oxide layer, enhancing corrosion resistance in mild environments without altering dimensions.
Powder Coating: Offers high durability, UV resistance, and a smooth finish, ideal for outdoor and automotive parts.
Teflon Coating: Provides non-stick and chemical-resistant properties, ideal for food processing and chemical handling components.
Chrome Plating: Adds a shiny, durable finish that enhances corrosion resistance, commonly used in automotive and tooling applications.
Black Oxide: Provides a corrosion-resistant black finish, ideal for parts in low-corrosion environments like gears and fasteners.
Industry Applications of CNC Machined SUS310 Stainless Steel Parts
Aerospace Industry
Turbine Components: SUS310’s high-temperature resistance makes it ideal for turbine blades and other components in gas turbines.
Automotive Industry
Exhaust Systems: The material’s ability to resist oxidation at high temperatures makes it perfect for exhaust components.
Chemical Processing
Heat Exchangers: SUS310’s resistance to high temperatures and corrosion makes it suitable for heat exchangers in chemical plants.
Technical FAQs: CNC Machined SUS310 Stainless Steel Parts & Services
How does SUS310 compare to SUS304 in high-temperature environments?
What are the best welding techniques for SUS310 stainless steel?
How does SUS310 perform in acidic environments compared to other stainless steels?
What are the recommended heat treatment processes for SUS310?
How does SUS310 perform in aerospace applications compared to other high-temperature alloys?
Explore Related Blogs
